On the early morning of November 2, 1919, a raid in Casper, Wyoming, on a stash of over 200 whiskey cases turned into chaos and tragedy. The Natrona County sheriff, Pat Royce, led a team of law enforcement officers into a garage suspected of harboring illegal liquor, but the operation quickly spiraled out of control.

At approximately 4 a.m., as Sheriff Royce and his deputy entered the premises, a confrontation ensued when the homeowner and his accomplice emerged with shotguns drawn. In the ensuing chaos, a deputy was shot and killed, and the homeowner was wounded. Shockingly, the sheriff had failed to present a warrant for the raid, and those who were charged stated they did not know the officers were attempting to execute a law enforcement operation.

The events of the raid garnered significant public attention and outrage. All individuals involved in the shooting, including those charged with murder, would later be acquitted at trial, a verdict met with a rare editorial in the Casper Daily Tribune calling for the sheriff and his deputies to resign.

Legal commentator Daniel Fetsco noted that the public’s sympathy for the defendants reflected a broader national backlash against Prohibition enforcement. The case occurred during an era when policing was evolving, and the tactics used by law enforcement were not well-defined. As such, the raid and its aftermath not only highlighted the challenges in enforcing Prohibition laws but also set off a series of legal and moral disputes regarding police practices of the time.

In the wake of the raid, Sheriff Royce and Deputy William E. Kilgore were arrested for assaulting one of the suspects, Hugh Armstrong, during the operation. Public discontent led local officials to appoint special counsel to oversee the case. Armstrong’s defense centered on the claim that he was unaware that those confronting him were law officers, and this narrative resonated with the jury, leading to a swift not-guilty verdict.

Armstrong, after his acquittal, faced additional charges relating to possession of the whiskey but was again cleared. He eventually returned to a peaceful life, becoming a respected community member in Missouri, while Sheriff Royce continued his law enforcement career until retiring, and Deputy Kilgore transitioned to work as a railroad special agent. The chaotic events of that day would linger in the community’s memory, emblematic of the tumultuous and often violent nature of Prohibition in America.

For further reading on the historical context of the whiskey raid, see the Casper Daily Tribune.